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Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles (in .pdf format where available)
Ainsworth, E.A., C. Beier, C. Calfapietra, R. Ceulemans, M. Durand-Tardif, D.L. Godbold, G.R. Hendrey, T. Hickler, J. Kaduk, D.F. Karnosky, B.A. Kimball, C. Korner, M. Koornneef, T. Lafarge, A.D.B. Leakey, K.F. Lewin, S.P. Long, R. Manderscheid, D.L. McNeil, T.A. Mies, F. Miglietta, J.A. Morgan, J. Nagy, R.J. Norby, R.M. Norton, K.E. Percy, A. Rogers, J.-F, Soussana, M. Stitt, H.-J. Weigel, J.W. White. 2008. Next generation of elevated [CO2] experiments with crops: A critical investment for feeding the future world. Plant, Cell and Environment 31:1317-1324. PDF Andrew, C. and E.A. Lilleskov. 2009. Productivity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarps under increased atmospheric CO2 and O3. Ecology Letters 12:813-822. PDF Awmack, C.S., R. Harrington and R.L. Lindroth. 2004. Aphid Individual performance may not predict population responses to elevated CO2 or O3. Global Change Biology 10:1414-1423. PDF Awmack, C.S., E.B. Mondor and R.L. Lindroth. 2007. Forest understory clover populations in enriched CO2 and O3 atmospheres: Interspecific, intraspecific, and indirect effects. Environmental and Experimental Botany 59: 340-346. PDF Bandeff, J.M., K.S. Pregitzer, W.M. Loya, W.E. Holmes and D.R. Zak. 2006. Overstory community composition and elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3 modify understory biomass production and nitrogen acquisition. Plant and Soil 282: 251-259. PDF Bradley, K.L. and K.S. Pregitzer. 2007. Ecosystem assembly and terrestrial carbon balance under elevated CO2. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 22(10):538-547. PDF Calfapietra, C., A.E. Wiberly, T.G. Falbel, A.R. Linskey, G.S. Mugnozza, D.F. Karnosky, F. Loreto and T. D. Sharkey. 2007. Isoprene synthase expression and protein levels are reduced under elevated O3 but not under elevated CO2 (FACE) in field-grown trees. Plant, Cell and Environment 30: 654-661. PDF Calfapietra, C., G.S. Mugnozza, D.F. Karnosky, Francisco Loreto and T.D. Sharkey. 2008. Isoprene emission rates under elevated CO2 and O3 in two field-grown aspen clones differing in their sensitivity to O3. New Phytologist 179: 55-61. PDF Calfapietra, C., E.A. Ainsworth, C. Beier, P. De Angelis, D.S. Ellsworth, D.L. Godbold, G.R. Hendrey, T. Hickler, M.R. Hoosbeek, D.F. Karnosky, J. King, C. Körner, A.D.B. Leakey, K.F. Lewin, M. Liberloo, S.P. Long, M. Lukac, R. Matyssek, F. Miglietta, J. Nagy, R.J. Norby, R. Oren, K.E. Percy, A. Rogers, G. Scarascia Mugnozza, M. Stitt, G. Taylor, and R. Ceulemans. 2009. Challenges in elevated CO2 experiments on forests. Trends in Plant Science pp. 5-10. PDF Calfapietra, C., B. Gielen, D. Karnosky, R. Ceulemans, G. Scarascua Mugnozza. 2010. Response and potential of agroforestry crops under global change. Environmental Pollution 158:1095-1104. PDF Carlson, J. 2008. Thinking like an ecologist. National Science Teachers Association Journal The Science Teacher. 51-57. PDF Chakraborty, S., J. Luck, G. Hollaway, A. Freeman, R. Norton, K.A. Garrett, K. Percy, A. Hopkins, C. Davis, and D.F. Karnosky. 2008. Impacts of global change on diseases of agricultural crops and forest trees. CABI Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources 3, No. 054:1-15. PDF Chapman, J.A., J.S. King, K.S. Pregitzer and D.R. Zak. 2005. Effects of elevated CO2 and tropospheric O3 on tree fine root decomposition. Tree Physiology 25:1501-1510. PDF Chung, H., D.R. Zak and E.A. Lilleskov. 2006. Fungal community composition and metabolism under CO2 and O3. Oecologia 147:143-154. PDF Coleman, M.D., J.G. Isebrands, R.E. Dickson, and D.F. Karnosky. 1995. Photosynthetic productivity of aspen clones varying in sensitivity to tropospheric ozone. Tree Physiology 15, 585-592. PDF Couture, J.J., T.D. Meehan and R. L. Lindroth. 2012. Atmospheric change alters foliar quality of host trees and performance of two outbreak insect species. Oecologia 168:863-876. PDF Cseke, L.J., C-J. Tsai, A. Rogers, M.P. Nelsen, H.L. White, D.F. Karnosky, and G.K. Podila. 2009. Transcriptomic comparison in the leaves of two aspen genotypes having similar carbon assimilation rates but different partitioning patterns under elevated [CO2]. New Phytologist 182: 891–911. PDF Curtis, P.S., C.S. Vogel, X. Wang, K.S. Pregitzer, D.R. Zak, J. Lussenhop, M. Kubiske and J.A. Teeri. 2000. Gas exchange, leaf nitrogen, and growth efficiency of Populus tremuloides in a CO2-enriched atmosphere. Ecological Applications 10: 3-17. PDF Darbah, J.N.T., M.E. Kubiske, N. Neilson, E. Oksanen, E. Vaapavuori and D.F. Karnosky. 2007. Impacts of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and O3 on Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera): Reproductive Fitness. The Scientific World Journal. 7(S1): 240-246. PDF Darbah, J.N.T., M.E. Kubiske, N. Nelson, E. Oksanen, E. Vaapavuori, D.F. Karnosky. 2008. Effects of Decadal Exposure to Interacting Elevated CO2 and/or O3 on Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera) Reproduction, Environmental Pollution, 155: 446-452. PDF Darbah, J.N.T., M.E. Kubiske, N. Nelson, K. Kets, J. Riikonen, A. Sober, L. Rouse, and D.F. Karnosky. 2010. Will photosynthetic capacity of forest trees acclimate after long-term exposure to elevated CO2 and O3? Environmental Pollution 158:983-991. PDF Darbah, J.N.T., T.D. Sharkey, C. Calfapietra, and D.F. Karnosky, 2010. Differential response of aspen and birch trees to heat stress under carbon dioxide. Environmental Pollution 158:1008-1014. PDF Darbah, J.N.T., W.S. Jones, A.J. Burton, J. Nagy, and M.E. Kubiske. 2011. Acute O3 damage on first year coppice sprouts of aspen and maple spouts in an open-air experiment. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 13:2436-2442. PDF Davey, P.A., S. Hunt, G.J. Hymus, E.H. DeLucia, B.G. Drake, D.F. Karnosky and S.P. Long. 2004. Respiratory oxygen uptake is not decreased by an instantaneous elevation of [CO2], but is increased with long-term growth in the field at elevated [CO2]. Plant Physiology 134:520-527. PDF Dickson, R.E., M.D. Coleman, D.E. Riemenschneider, J.G. Isebrands, G.D. Hogan and D.F. Karnosky. 1998. Growth of five hybrid poplar genotypes exposed to interacting elevated CO2 and O3. Can. J. For. Res. 28:1706-1716. PDF Dickson, R.E., M.D. Coleman, P. Pechter and D. F. Karnosky. 2001. Growth and crown architecture of two aspen genotypes exposed to interacting ozone and carbon dioxide. Environmental Pollution 115:319-334. PDF Edwards, I.P. and D.R. Zak. 2011. Fungal community composition and function after long-term exposure of northern forests to elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3. Global Change Biology 17:2184-2195. PDF Ellsworth, D.S., P.B. Reich, E.S. Naumburg, G.W. Koch, M.E. Kubiske and S.D. Smith. 2004. Photosynthesis, carboxylation and leaf nitrogen responses of 16 species to elevated pCO2 across four free-air CO2 enrichment experiments in forest, grassland and desert. Global Change Biology 10:1-18. PDF Finzi, A.C., R.J. Norby, C. Calfapietra, A. Gallet-Budynek, B. Gielen, W.E. Holmes, M.R. Hoosbeek, C.M. Iverson, R.B. Jackson, M.E. Kubiske, J. Ledford, M. Liberloo, R. Oren, A. Polle, S. Pritchard, D.R. Zak, W.H. Schlesinger and R. Ceulemans. Increases in nitrogen uptake rather than nitrogen-use efficiency support higher rates of temporate forest productivity under elevated CO2. 2007. PNAS 104(35):14014-14019. PDF Giardina, C., M. Coleman, J. Hancock, J. King, E. Lilleskov, W.M. Loya, K.S. Pregitzer, M. Ryan, and C. Trettin. 2005. The response of belowground carbon allocation in forests to global change. Chapter 7 in D. Binkley and O. Menyailo (eds), The impacts of global climate change on plant soil interactions. NATO Science Series, Kluwer Academic Press, pp. 121-154. PDF Gupta, P., S. Duplessis, H. White, D.F. Karnosky, F. Martin and G.K. Podila. 2005. Gene expression patterns of trembling aspen trees following long-term exposure to interacting elevated CO2 and tropospheric O3. New Phytologist 167:129-142. PDF Hairong W., J. Gou, Y. Yordanov, H. Zhang, R. Thakur, W. Jones, A. Burton. 2012. Global Transcriptonic Profiling of Aspen Trees under elevated CO2 to identify potential molecular mechanisms responsible for enchanced radial growth. Journal of Plant Research. DOI 10.1007/s10265-012-0524-4. PDF Hillstrom, M.L. and R.L. Lindroth. 2008. Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and ozone alter forest insect abundance and community composition. Insect Conservation and Diversity 1:233-241. PDF Hillstrom, M.L., L.M. Vigue, D.R. Coyle, K.F. Raffa, and R.L. Lindroth. 2010a. Performance of the invasive weevil Polydrusus sericeus is influenced by atmospheric CO2 and host species. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 12:285-292. PDF Hillstrom, M., T.D. Meehan, K. Kelly, and R.L. Lindroth. 2010b. Soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization following deposition of insect frass and greenfall from forests under elevated CO2 and O3. Plant and Soil 336:75-85. PDF Hofmockel, K.S., D.R. Zak, K.K. Moran, and J.D. Jastrow. 2011. Changes in forest soil organic matter pools after a decade of elevated CO2 and O3. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 43:1518-1527. PDF Holmes, W.E., D.R. Zak, K.S. Pregitzer and J.S. King. 2003. Soil nitrogen transformations under Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera and Acer saccharum following 3 years exposure to elevated CO2 and O3. Global Change Biology 9:1743-1750. PDF Holmes, W.E., D.R. Zak, K.S. Pregitzer and J.S. King. 2006. Elevated CO2 and O3 Alter Soil Nitrogen Transformations beneath Trembling Aspen, Paper Birch, and Sugar Maple. Ecosystems 9: 1354-1363. PDF Holton, M.K., R.L. Lindroth and E.V. Nordheim. 2003. Foliar quality influences tree-herbivore-parasitoid interactions: effects of elevated CO2, O3, and genotype. Oecologia 137:233-244. PDF Hopkins, F.M., M.S. Torn and S.E. Trumbore. 2012. Warming accelerates decomposition of decades-old carbon in forest soils. PNAS 10.1073/pnas.1120603109. PDF Hopkins, F.M., M.S. Torn and S.E. Trumbore. 2012. Warming accelerates decomposition of decades-old carbon in forest soils. Author Summary. PNAS 10.1073/pnas.1120603109. PDF Hopkins, et. al. 2012. UCI Heating soil could worsen warming Science Article. PDF Hopkins, et. al. 2012.Warming will unlock carbon in forest. New York Times. PDF Isebrands, J.G., E. P. McDonald, E. Kruger, G. Hendrey, K. Pregitzer, K. Percy, J. Sober and D.F. Karnosky. 2001. Growth responses of Populus tremuloides clones to interacting carbon dioxide and tropospheric ozone. Environmental Pollution 115:359-371. PDF Johnson, R.M. and K.S. Pregitzer. 2007. Concentration of sugars, phenolic acids, and amino acids in forest soils exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 39:3159-3166. PDF Kaakinen, S., K. Kostiainen, F. Ek, P. Saranpää, M.E. Kubiske, J. Sober, D.F. Karnosky and E. Vapaavuori. 2004. Stem wood properties of Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera and Acer saccharum saplings after three years of treatments to elevated carbon dioxide and ozone. Global Change Biology 10:1513-1525. PDF Karberg, N., K.S. Pregitzer, J.S. King, A.L. Friend and J.R. Wood. 2005. Soil carbon dioxide partial pressure and dissolved inorganic carbonate chemistry under elevated carbon dioxide and ozone. Oecologia 142:296-306. PDF Karnosky, D.F., G.K. Podila, Z. Gagnon, P. Pechter, A. Akkapeddi, M. Coleman, R.E. Dickson and J.G. Isebrands. 1998. Genetic control of responses to interacting O3 and CO2 in Populus tremuloides. Chemosphere 36:807-812. PDF Karnosky, D.F., B. Mankovska, K. Percy, R.E. Dickson, G.K. Podila, J. Sober, A. Noormets, G. Hendrey, M.D. Coleman, M. Kubiske, K.S. Pregitzer and J.G. Isebrands. 1999. Effects of tropospheric O3 on trembling aspen and interaction with CO2: Results from an O3-gradient and a FACE experiment. J. Water, Air and Soil Pollut. 116:311-322. PDF Karnosky, D.F., K.E. Percy, B. Xiang, B. Callan, A. Noormets, B. Mankovska, A. Hopkin, J. Sober, W. Jones, R.E. Dickson and J.G. Isebrands. 2002. Interacting elevated CO2 and tropospheric O3 predisposes aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) to infection by rust (Melampsora medusae f.sp. tremuloidae). Global Change Biology 8:329-338. PDF Karnosky, D.F. 2003. Impacts of elevated CO2 on forest trees and forest ecosystems: Knowledge gaps. Environment International 29:161-169. PDF Karnosky, D.F., D.R. Zak, K.S. Pregitzer, C.S. Awmack, J.G. Bockheim, R.E. Dickson, G.R. Hendrey, G.E. Host, J.S. King, B.J. Kopper, E.L. Kruger, M.E. Kubiske, R.L. Lindroth, W.J. Mattson, E.P. McDonald, A. Noormets, E. Oksanen, W.F.J. Parsons, K.E. Percy, G.K. Podila, D.E. Riemenschneider, P. Sharma, R.C. Thakur, A. Sober, J. Sober, W.S. Jones, S. Anttonen, E. Vapaavuori, B. Mankovska, W.E. Heilman and J.G. Isebrands. 2003. Tropospheric O3 moderates responses of temperate hardwood forests to elevated CO2: A synthesis of molecular to ecosystem results from the Aspen FACE project. Functional Ecology 17:289-304. PDF Karnosky, D.F. 2005. Ozone effects on forest ecosystems under a changing global environment. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology, 60(5):353-358. PDF Karnosky, D.F., K.S. Pregitzer, D.R. Zak, M.E. Kubiske, G.R. Hendrey, D. Weinstein, M. Nosal and K.E. Percy. 2005. Scaling ozone responses of forest trees to the ecosystem level in a changing climate. Plant, Cell and Environment 28:965-981. PDF Karnosky, D.F., J.M. Skelly, K.E. Percy and A.H. Chappelka. 2007. Perspectives regarding 50 years of research on effects of tropospheric ozone air pollution on US forests. Environmental Pollution 147:489-506. PDF Karnosky, D.F., M. Tallis, J. Darbah, and G. Taylor. 2007. Direct effects of elevated CO2 on forest tree productivity. In: Freer-Smith, P.H., Broadmeadow, M.S.J. and Lynch, J.M. (eds), Forestry and Climate Change. CABI Publishing, Oxford, UK pp. 136-142. PDF Karnosky, D.F., H. Werner, T. Holopainen, K. Percy, T. Oksanen, E. Oksanen, C. Heerdt, P. Fabian, J. Nagy, W. Heilman, R. Cox, N. Nelson and R. Matyssek. 2007. Free-air exposure systems to scale up ozone research to mature trees. Plant Biology 9:181-190. PDF Kets, K., J.N.T. Darbah, A. Sober, J. Riikonen, J. Sober, D.F. Karnosky. 2010. Diurnal changes in photosynthetic parameters of Populus tremuloides, modulated by elevated concentrations of CO2 and/or O3 and daily climatic variation. Environmental Pollution 158:1000-1007. PDF King, J.S., K.S. Pregitzer and D.R. Zak. 1999. Clonal variation in above- and belowground growth responses of Populus tremuloides Michaux: Influence of soil warming and nutrient availability. Plant Soil 217: 119-130. PDF King, J.S., K.S. Pregitzer and D.R. Zak. 2001. Correlation of foliage and litter chemistry of sugar maple, Acer saccharum, as affected by elevated CO2 and varying N availability, and effects on decomposition. Oikos 94:403-416. PDF King, J.S., K.S. Pregitzer, D.R. Zak, J. Sober, J.G. Isebrands, R.E. Dickson, G.R. Hendrey and D.F. Karnosky. 2001. Fine root biomass and fluxes of soil carbon in young stands of paper birch and trembling aspen as affected by elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3. Oecologia 128:237-250. PDF King, J.S., P.J. Hanson, E. Bernhardt, P. DeAngelis, R.J. Norby and K.S. Pregitzer. 2004. A multi-year synthesis of soil respiration responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 from four forest FACE experiments. Global Change Biology 10:1027-1042. PDF King, J.S., K.S. Pregitzer, D.R. Zak, W.E. Holmes and K. Schmidt. 2005. Fine root chemistry and decomposition in model communties of north-temperate tree species show little response to elevated CO2 and varying soil resource availability. Oecologia 146:318-328. PDF King, J.S., M.E. Kubiske, K.S. Pregitzer, G.R. Hendrey, E.P. McDonald, C.P. Giardina, V.S. Quinn and D.F. Karnosky. 2005. Tropospheric O3 compromises net primary production in young stands of trembling aspen, paper birch and sugar maple in response to elevated atmospheric CO2. New Phytologist 168:623-636. PDF Corrigendum Kontunen-Soppela, S., J. Parviainen, H. Ruhanen, M. Brosche, M. Keinänen, R.C. Thakur, M. Kolehmainen, J. Kangasjärvi, E. Oksanen, D.F. Karnosky, E. Vapaavuori. 2010. Gene expression responses of paper birch (Betula papyrifera) to elevated CO2 and O3 during leaf maturation and senescence. Environmental Pollution 158:959-968. PDF Kopper, B.J., R.L. Lindroth and E.V. Nordheim. 2001. CO2 and O3 effects on paper birch (Betulaceae: Betula papyrifera Marsh.) phytochemistry and white-marked tussock moth (Lymantriidae: Orgyia leucostigma J.E. Sm.) performance. Environmental Entomology 30(6):1119-1126. PDF Kopper, B.J., V.N. Jakobi, T.L. Osier and R.L Lindroth. 2002. Effects of paper birch condensed tannin on whitemarked tussock moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) performance. Environmental Entomology 31:10-14. PDF Kopper, B.J. and R.L. Lindroth. 2003a. Responses of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) phytochemistry and aspen blotch leafminer (Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella) performance to elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 and O3. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 5:17-26. PDF Kopper, B.J. and R.L. Lindroth. 2003b. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide and ozone on the phytochemistry of aspen and performance of an herbivore. Oecologia 134:95-103. PDF Kostiainen, K., S. Kaakinen, E. Warsta, M.E. Kubiske, N.D. Nelson, J. Sober, D.F. Karnosky, P. Saranpaa and E. Vapaavuori. 2008. Wood properties of trembling aspen and paper birch after 5 years of exposure to elevated concentrations of CO2 and O3. Tree Physiology 28: 805-813. PDF Kubiske, M.E., D.R. Zak, K.S. Pregitzer and Y. Takeuchi. 2002. Photosynthetic acclimation of overstory Populus tremuloides and understory Acer saccharum to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration: interactions with shade and soil nitrogen. Tree Physiol. 22:321-329. PDF Kubiske, M.E., V.S. Quinn, W.E. Heilman, E.P. McDonald, P.E. Marquardt, R.M. Teclaw, A.L. Friend and D.F. Karnosky. 2006. Interannual climatic version mediates elevated CO2 and O3 effects on forest growth. Global Change Biology 12:1054-1068. PDF Kubiske, M.E., V.S. Quinn, P.E. Marquardt and D.F. Karnosky. 2007. Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and/or O3 on Intra- and Interspecific Competitive Ability of Aspen. Plant Biology 9: 342-355. PDF Larson, J.L., D.R. Zak and R.L. Sinsabaugh. 2002. Extracellular enzyme activity beneath temperate trees growing under elevated carbon dioxide and ozone. Soil Science Society of America Journal 66:1848-1856. PDF Lenz, K.E., G.E. Host, K. Roskoski, A. Noormets, A. Sober, and D.F. Karnosky. 2010. Analysis of a Farquhar-von Caemmerer-Berry leaf-level photosynthetic rate model for Populus tremuloides in the context of modeling and measurement limitations. Environmental Pollution 158:1015-1022. PDF Lesaulnier, C., D. Papamichail, S. McCorkle, B. Ollivier, S. Skiena, S. Taghavi, D.R. Zak, and D. van der Lelie. 2008. Elevated atmospheric CO2 affects soil microbial diversity associated with trembling aspen. Environmental Microbiology 10:926-941. PDF Lindroth, R.L., B.J. Kopper, W.F.J. Parsons, J.G. Bockheim, D.F. Karnosky, G.R. Hendrey, K.S. Pregitzer, J.G. Isebrands and J. Sober. 2001. Consequences of elevated carbon dioxide and ozone for foliar chemical composition and dynamics in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) and paper birch (Betula papyrifera). Environmental Pollution 115:395-404. PDF Lindroth, R.L., S.A. Wood and B.J. Kopper. 2002. Response of quaking aspen genotypes to enriched CO2: foliar chemistry and insect performance. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 4:315-323. PDF Lindroth, R.L. 2010. Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3 on forests: Phytochemistry, trophic interactions, and ecosystem dynamics. Journal of Chemical Ecology 36:2-21. PDF Liu, L., J.S. King and C.P. Giardina. 2005. Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3 on leaf litter production and chemistry in trembling aspen and paper birch ecosystems. Tree Physiology 15:1511-1522. PDF Liu, L., J.S. King and C.P. Giardina. 2007. Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3 on nutrient dynamics: decomposition of leaf litter in trembling aspen and paper birch communities. Plant Soil 299:65-82. PDF Liu L., J.S. King, F.L. Booker, C.P. Giardina, H. L. Allen, and S. Hu. 2009. Enhanced litter input rather than changes in litter chemistry drive soil carbon and nitrogen cycling under elevated CO2: a microcosm study. Global Change Biology 15, 441–453. PDF Liu, L., J.S. King, C.P. Giardina, and F.L. Booker. 2009. The influence of chemistry, production and community composition on leaf litter decomposition under elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3 in a northern hardwood ecosystem. Ecosystems 12: 401–416. PDF Loranger, G.I., K.S. Pregitzer and J.S. King. 2004. Elevated CO2 and O3 concentrations differentially affect selected groups of the fauna in temperate forest soils. Soil Biol. & Biochem. 36:1521-1524. PDF Loya, W.M., K.S. Pregitzer, N.J. Karberg, J.S. King and C.P. Giardina.
2003. Reduction of soil carbon formation by tropospheric ozone under
elevated carbon dioxide. Nature 425:705-707. PDF Mankovska, B., K. Percy and D.F. Karnosky. 1998. Impact of ambient tropospheric O3, CO2, and particulates on the epicuticular waxes of aspen clones differing in O3 tolerance. Ekológia 18(2):200-210. PDF Mankovska, B., D.F. Karnosky, K. Percy, E. Yermakova and M.V. Frontasyeva. 2003. Chemical characteristics of key tree species (Populus tremuloides Michx., Betula papyrifera Marsh., Acer saccharum Marsh.) for three localities with different ozone levels. Ekológia (Bratislava) 22 (Supplement 1):168-181. Mankovska, B., K. Percy and D.F. Karnosky. 2003. Impact of greenhouse gases on epicuticular waxes of Populus tremuloides Michx.: Results from an open-air exposure and a natural O3 gradient. Ekológia (Bratislava) 22 (Supplement 1):182-194. PDF Mankovska, B., K. Percy and D.F. Karnosky. 2005. Impacts of greenhouse gases on epicuticular waxes of Populus tremuloides Michx.: Results from an open-air exposure and a natural O3 gradient. Environmental Pollution 137:580-586. PDF Mankovska, Blanka, Julius Oszlanyti, David F. Karnosky. 2012. Long term Study Of Greenhouse Gases Influence On Epicuticulsar Waxes Of Populus tremuloides Michx. Ekológia (Bratislava) 31,4, 355-369. PDF Martin, M.J., G.E. Host, K.E. Lenz and J.G. Isebrands. 2001. Simulating the growth response of aspen to ozone exposure: a mechanistic approach to scaling a leaf-level model of ozone effects on photosynthesis to a complex canopy architecture. Environmental Pollution 115:425-436. PDF Mattson, W.J., K. Kuokkanen, P. Niemela, R. Julkunen-Tiitto, S. Kellomaki and J. Tahvanainen. 2004. Elevated CO2 alters birch resistance to lagomorpha herbivores. Global Change Biology 10:1402-1413. PDF Mattson, W.J., R. Julkunen-Tiitto and D.A. Herms. 2005. CO2 enrichment and carbon partitioning to phenolics: do plant responses accord better with the protein competition of the growth-differentiation balance models? Oikos 111:337-347. PDF Matyssek, R., D.F. Karnosky, G. Wieser, K. Percy, E. Oksanen, T.E.E. Grams, M. Kubiske, D. Hanke, and H. Pretzsch. 2010. Advances in understanding ozone impact on forest trees: Messages from novel phytotron and free-air fumigation studies. Environmental Pollution 158:1990-2006. PDF McDonald, E. P., E.L. Kruger, D.E. Riemenschneider and J.G. Isebrands. 2002. Competitive status influences tree-growth responses to elevated CO2 and O3 in aggrading aspen stands. Functional Ecology 16 (6), 792-801. PDF McGrath, J.M., D.F. Karnosky, and E.A. Ainsworth. 2010. Spring leaf flush in aspen (Populus tremuloides) clones is altered by long-term growth at elevated carbon dioxide and elevated ozone concentration. Environmental Pollution 158:1023-1028. PDF Meehan, T.D., M.S. Crossley, and R.L. Lindroth. 2010. Impacts of elevated CO2 and O3 on aspen leaf litter chemistry and earthworm and springtail productivity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 42:1132-1137. PDF Mondor, E.B., M.N. Tremblay, C.S. Awmack and R.L. Lindroth. 2004. Divergent pheromone-mediated insect behaviour under global atmospheric change. Global Change Biology 10:1820-1824. PDF Mondor, E.B., M.N. Tremblay and R.L. Lindroth. 2004. Transgenerational phenotypic plasticity under future atmospheric conditions. Ecology Letters 7:941-946. PDF Mondor, E.B., M.N. Tremblay, C.S. Awmack and R.L. Lindroth. 2005. Altered genotypic and phenotypic frequencies of aphid populations under enriched CO2 and O3 atmospheres. Global Change Biology 11:1-7. PDF Mondor, E.B., C.A. Awmack, and R. L. Lindroth. 2010. Individual growth rates do not predict aphid population densities under altered atmospheric conditions. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 12:293-299. PDF Mondor, E. and M. Tremblay. 2010. Global atmospheric change and animal populations. Nature Education Knowledge 1(8):23. PDF Monson, K., N. Trahan, T.N. Rosenstiel, P. Veres, D. Moore, M. Wilkinson, R.J. Norby, A. Volder, M.G. Tjoelker, D.D. Briske, D.F. Karnosky, and R. Fall. 2007. Isoprene emission from terrestrial ecosystems in response to global change: minding the gap between models and observations. 2007. Proc. Royal Society of London 365:1677-1695. Muller-Starck, B. Degen, H. Hattemer, D. Karnosky, A. Kremer, L. Paule, K. Percy, F. Scholz, X. Shen and G. Vendramin. 2000. Genetic response of forest systems to changing environmental conditions - analysis and management. Forest Genetics 7:247-254. PDF Muntifering, R.B., A.H. Chappelka, D.F. Karnosky and G.L. Somers. 2006. Chemical composition and digestibility of Trifolium exposed to elevated ozone and carbon dioxide in a free-air (FACE) fumigation system. Functional Ecology 20:269-275. PDF Nabity, P.D., M.L. Hillstrom, R.L.Lindroth and E.H. DeLucia. 2012. Elevated CO2 interacts with herbivory to alter chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf temperature in Betula papyrifera and Populus tremuloides. Oecologia. DOI 10.1007/s00442-012-2261-8. PDF Noormets, A., G. Krishna Podila and David F. Karnosky. 2000. Rapid response of antioxidant enzymes to O3-induced oxidative stress in Populus tremuloides clones varying in O3 tolerance. Forest Genetics 7:335-338. PDF Noormets, A., E.P. McDonald, E.L. Kruger, A. Sober, J.G. Isebrands, R.E. Dickson and D.F. Karnosky. 2001. The effect of elevated carbon dioxide and ozone on leaf- and branch-level photosynthesis and potential plant-level carbon gain in aspen. Trees 15:262-270. PDF Noormets, A., A. Sober, E.J. Pell, R.E. Dickson, G.K. Podila, J. Sober, J.G. Isebrands and D.F. Karnosky. 2001. Stomatal and non-stomatal limitation to photosynthesis in two trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clones exposed to elevated CO2 and/or O3. Plant, Cell and Environ. 24:327-336. PDF Noormets, A., O. Kull, A. Sôber, M.E. Kubiske, and D.F. Karnosky. 2010. Elevated CO2 response of photosynthesis depends on ozone concentration in aspen. Environmental Pollution 158:992-999. PDF Norby, R.J., E.H. DeLucia, B. Gielen, C. Calfapietra, C.P.Giardina, J.S. King, J. Ledford, H.R. McCarthy, D.J.P. Moore, R. Ceulemans, P. De Angelis, A.C. Finzi, D.F. Karnosky, M.E. Kubiske, M. Lukac, K.S. Pregitzer, G.E. Scarascia-Mugnozza, W.H. Schlesinger and R. Oren. 2005. Forest response to elevated CO2 is conserved across a broad range of productivity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102:18052-18056. PDF Oksanen, E., J. Sober and D.F. Karnosky. 2001. Impacts of elevated CO2 and/or O3 on leaf ultrastructure of aspen (Populus tremuloides) and birch (Betula papyrifera) in the aspen FACE experiment. Environmental Pollution 115:437-446. PDF Oksanen, E., E. Häikiö, J. Sober and D.F. Karnosky. 2003. Ozone-induced H2O2 accumulation in field-grown aspen and birch is linked to foliar ultrastructure and peroxisomal activity. New Phytologist 161:791-799. PDF Onandia, G., A-K. Olsson, S. Barth, J.S. King, and J. Uddling. 2011. Exposure to moderate concentrations of tropospheric ozone impairs tree stomatal response to carbon dioxide. Environmental Pollution 159(10):2350-2354. PDF Paoletti, E., A. Bytnerowicz, C. Anderson, A. Augustaitis, M. Ferretti, N. Grulke, M.S. Gunthardt-Goerg, J. Innes, D. Johnson, D.F. Karnosky, J. Luangjame, R. Matyssek, S. McNulty, G. Muller-Starck, R. Musselman and K. Percy. 2007. Impacts of Air Pollution and Climate Change on Forest Ecosystems - Emerging Research Needs. The Scientific World Journal 7(S1): 1-8. PDF Parsons, W.F.J., R.L. Lindroth and J.G. Bockheim. 2004. Decomposition of Betula papyrifera leaf litter under the independent and interactive effects of elevated CO2 and O3. Global Change Biology 10:1666-1677. PDF Parsons, W.F.J., J.G. Bockheim and R.L. Lindroth. 2008. Independent, interactive, and species-specific responses of leaf litter decomposition to elevated CO2 and O3 in a northern hardwood forest. Ecosystems 11:505-519. PDF Percy, K.E., C.S. Awmack, R.L. Lindroth, M.E. Kubiske, B.J. Kopper, J.G. Isebrands, K.S. Pregitzer, G.R. Hendrey, R.E. Dickson, D.R. Zak, E. Oksanen, J. Sober, R. Harrington and D.F. Karnosky. 2002. Altered performance of forest pests under CO2- and O3-enriched atmospheres. Nature 420:403-407. PDF Percy, K.E. and D.F. Karnosky. 2007. Air quality in natural areas: interface between the public, science and regulation. Environ. Pollut. 149:256-267. PDF Percy, K.E., M. Nosal, W. Heilman, T. Dann, J. Sober, A.H. Legge and D.F. Karnosky. 2007. New exposure-based metric approach for evaluating O3 risk to North American aspen forests. Environmental Pollution 147:554-566. PDF Phillips, R.L., D.R. Zak, W.E. Holmes and D.C. White. 2002. Microbial community composition and function beneath temperate trees exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and ozone. Oecologia 131(2):236-244. PDF Pregitzer, K.S., J.S. King, E.G. O’Neill, A.J. Burton and S.E. Brown. 2000. Responses of tree fine roots to temperature. New Phytologist 147:105-115. PDF Pregitzer, K.S., D.R. Zak, D.J. Maziasz, J. DeForest, P.S. Curtis and J. Lussenhop. 2000. Interactive effects of atmospheric CO2 and soil-N availability on fine roots of Populus tremuloides. Ecological Applications 10:18-33. PDF Pregitzer, K.S., W.M. Loya, M. E. Kubiske and D.R. Zak. 2006. Soil repiration in northern forests exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and ozone. Oecologia 148: 503-516. PDF Pregitzer, K.S. 2008. Tree root architecture – form and function. New Phytologist 180:562-564. PDF Pregitzer, K.S., A.J. Burton, J.S. King, and D. Zak. 2008. Soil respiration, root biomass, and root turnover following long-term exposure of northern forests to elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3. New Phytologist 180(1):153-161. PDF Rhea, L., J. King, M. Kubiske, N. Saliendra, and R. Teclaw. 2010. Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3 on tree branch growth and implications for hydrologic budgeting. Environmental Pollution 158:1079-1087. PDF Riikonen, J., K. Kets, J. Darbah, E. Oksanen, A. Sober, E. Vapaavuori, M.E. Kubiske, N. Nelson and D.F. Karnosky. 2008. Carbon gain and bud physiology in Populus tremuloides and Betula papyrifera under long-term exposure to elevated concentrations of CO2 and O3. Tree Physiology 28:243-254. PDF Riikonen, J., K.E. Percy, M. Kivimäenpää, M.E. Kubiske, N.D. Nelson, E. Vapaavuori, and D.F. Karnosky. 2010. Leaf size and surface characteristics of Betula papyrifera exposed to elevated CO2 and O3. Environmental Pollution 158:1029-1035. PDF Sharma, P., A. Sober, J. Sober, G.K. Podila, M.E. Kubiske, W.J. Mattson, J.G. Isebrands and D.F. Karnosky. 2003. Moderation of [CO2]-induced gas exchange responses by elevated tropospheric O3 in trembling aspen and sugar maple. Ekologia 22 (Supplement 1):304-317. PDF Tai, H.H., K.E. Percy, and D.F. Karnosky. 2010. DNA damage in Populus tremuloides clones exposed to elevated O3. Environmental Pollution 158:969-976. PDF Takeuchi, Y., M.E. Kubiske, J.G. Isebrands, K.S. Pregitzer, G. Hendrey and D.F. Karnosky. 2001. Photosynthesis, light and nitrogen relationships in a young deciduous forest canopy under open-air CO2 enrichment. Plant Cell Environ. 24:1257-1268. PDF Talhelm, A.F., K.S. Pregitzer, and D.R. Zak. 2009. Species-specific responses to atmospheric carbon dioxide and tropospheric ozone mediate changes in soil carbon. Ecology Letters 12:1219-1228. PDF Talhelm, A.F., K.S. Pregitzer, and C.P. Giardina. 2011. Long-term leaf production response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and tropospheric ozone. Ecosystems (Online: doi: 10.007/s10021-011-9493-z). PDF Taylor, G., M.J. Tallis, C.P. Giardina, K.E. Percy, F. Miglietta, P.S. Gupta, B. Gioli, C. Calfapietra, B. Gielen, M.E. Kubiske, G.E. Scarascia-Mugnozza, K. Kets, S.P. Long and D.F. Karnosky. 2008. Future atmospheric, CO2 leads to delayed autumnal senescence. Global Change Biology 14: 264-275. PDF Theseira, G.W., G.E. Host, J.G. Isebrands and F.D. Whisler. 2003. SOILPSI: A potential-driven three-dimensional soil water redistribution model: description and comparative evaluation. Environmental Software and Modeling 18:13-23. PDF Uddling, J., R.M. Teclaw, M.E. Kubiske, K.S. Pregitzer and D.S. Ellsworth. 2008. Sap flux in pure aspen and mixed aspen-birch forests exposed to elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone. Tree Physiology 28: 1231-1243. PDF Uddling, J., R.M. Teclaw, K.S. Pregitzer, and D.S. Ellsworth. 2009. Leaf and canopy conductance in aspen and aspen-birch forests under free air enrichment of carbon dioxide and ozone. Tree Physiology 29:1367-1380. PDF Uddling, J., A.J. Hogg, R.M. Teclaw, M.A. Carroll, and D.S. Ellsworth. 2010. Stomatal uptake of O3 in aspen and aspen-birch forests under free-air CO2 and O3 enrichment. Environmental Pollution 158:2023-2031. PDF Vigue, L.M. and R.L. Lindroth. 2010. Effects of genotype, elevated CO2 and elevated O3 on aspen phytochemistry and aspen leaf beetle Chrysomela crotchi performance. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 12:267-276. PDF Weber, C.F.; D.R. Zak, B.A. Hungate, R.B. Jackson, R.Vilgalys, R.D. Evans, C.W. Schadt, J.P. Megonigal and C.R. Kuske. 2011. Responses of soil cellulolytic fungal communities to elevated atmospheric CO2 are complex and variable across five ecosystems. Environmental Microbiology 13(10):2778-2793. PDF Wittig, V.E., E.A. Ainsworth, S.L. Naidu, D.F. Karnosky, and S.P. Long. 2009. Quantifying the impact of current and future tropospheric ozone on tree biomass, growth, physiology and biochemistry: A quantitative meta-analysis of the ozone literature. Global Change Biology 15(2):396-424. PDF Wustman, B.A., E. Oksanen, D.F. Karnosky, J. Sober, J.G. Isebrands, G.R. Hendrey, K.S. Pregitzer and G.K. Podila. 2001. Effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on aspen clones varying in O3 sensitivity: Can CO2 ameliorate the harmful effects of O3? Environmental Pollution 115:473-481. PDF Zak, D.R., K.S. Pregitzer, P.S. Curtis, C.S. Vogel, W.E. Holmes and J. Lussenhop. 2000. Atmospheric CO2, soil-N availability, and allocation of biomass and nitrogen by Populus tremuloides. Ecological Applications 10:34-46. PDF Zak, D.R., K.S. Pregitzer, P.S. Curtis and W.E. Holmes. 2000. Atmospheric CO2 and the composition and function of soil microbial communities. Ecological Applications 10:47-59. PDF Zak, D.R., K.S. Pregitzer, J.S. King and W.E. Holmes. 2000. Elevated atmospheric CO2, fine roots and the response of soil microorganisms: a review and hypothesis. New Phytologist 147:201-222. PDF Zak, D.R., W.E. Holmes, A.C. Finzi, R.J. Norby and W.H. Schlesinger. 2003. Soil nitrogen cycling under elevated CO2: a synthesis of forest FACE experiments. Ecological Applications 13:1508-1514. PDF Zak, D.R., C.B. Blackwood and M.P. Waldrop. 2006. A molecular dawn for biogeochemistry. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 21(6):288-295. PDF Zak, D.R., W.E. Holmes, and K.S. Pregitzer. 2007. Atmospheric CO2 and O3 alter the flow of 15N in developing forest ecosystems. Ecology 88(10):2630-2639. PDF Zak, D.R., W.E. Holmes, K.S. Pregitzer, J.S. King, D.S. Ellsworth, and M.E. Kubiske. 2007. Belowground competition and the response of developing forest communities to atmospheric CO2 and O3. Global Change Biology 13:2230-2238. PDF Other Peer-reviewed
Ferretti, M., J. Bucher, A. Bytnerowicz, W. Prus-Glowacki, D. Karnosky and K. Percy. 2003. State of science and gaps in our knowledge to relation to air pollution. In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 437-446. Isebrands, J.G., R.E. Dickson, J. Rebbeck and D.F. Karnosky. 2000. Interacting effects of multiple stresses on growth and physiological processes in northern forests. In: Responses of Northern U.S. forests to environmental change. Ecological Studies 139. R.E. Mickler, R.A. Birdsey, and J. Hom(Eds.), Springer-Verlag pp. 149-180. Isebrands, J.G., G.E. Host, K.E. Lenz, G. Wu and H.W. Stech. 2000. Hierarchical, parallel computing strategies using Component Object Model for process modelling responses of forest plantations to interacting multiple stresses. In: (R.J.M. Cuelemans, F. Veroustraete, V. Gond, and J.B.H.F. Van Rensbergen eds.) Forest Ecosystem Modeling, Upscaling, and Remote Sensing, SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, The Netherlands. pp 123-135. Isebrands, J.G., E.P. McDonald, E. Kruger, G. Hendrey, K. Percy, K. Pregitzer, J. Sober and D.F. Karnosky. 2003. Growth responses of aspen clones to elevated carbon dioxide and ozone. In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 411-435. Karnosky, D.F., K.E. Percy, B. Mankovska, R. E. Dickson, J.G. Isebrands and G.K. Podila. 1999. Genetic implications for forest trees of increasing levels of greenhouse gases and UV-B radiation. In: C. Matyas (Ed.) Forest Genetics and Sustainability. Kluwer. pp. 111-124. Karnosky, D.F. 2000. Impacts of air pollution and climate change on forest tree populations. Proc. XXI IUFRO World Congress, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In: Forests and Society: The Role of Research Sub-Plenary Sessions, Vol. 1, pp. 133-139. Karnosky, D.F., G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans and J. Innes (Eds.) 2001. The impact of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. CABI Publishing, New York 357 pp. Karnosky, D.F., E. Oksanen, R.E. Dickson and J.G. Isebrands. 2001. Impacts of interacting greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. In: Karnosky, D.F., G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans, and J. Innes (eds.), The impact of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. CABI Publishing, New York pp. 253-267. Karnosky, D.F., G. Gielen, R. Ceulemans, W.H. Schlesinger, R.J. Norby, E. Oksanen, R. Matyssek and G.R. Hendrey. 2001. Face systems for studying the impacts of greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. In: Karnosky, D.F., G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans, and J. Innes (eds.) The impact of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. CABI Publishing, New York pp. 297-324. Karnosky, D.F., G. Scaracia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans and J. Innes. 2001. Knowledge gaps in the study of the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. In: Karnosky, D.F., G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans, and J. Innes (Eds.) The impact of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. CABI Publishing, New York pp. 325-340. Karnosky, D.F., K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.). 2003. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. 469 pp. Karnosky, D.F., K.E. Percy, R.C. Thakur and R.E. Honrath, Jr. 2003. Air pollution and global change: A double challenge to forest ecosystems. In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 1-41. Karnosky, D.F., P. Sharma, R.C. Thakur, M. Kinouchi, J. King, M.E. Kubiske and R.A. Birdsey. 2003. Changing atmospheric carbon dioxide: A threat or benefit? In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 57-84. Karnosky, D.F., K. Percy, B. Mankovska, T. Prichard, A. Noormets, R.E. Dickson, E. Jepsen and J.G. Isebrands. 2003. Ozone affects the fitness of trembling aspen. In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 199-209. Karnosky, D.F., K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka and S.V. Krupa. 2003. Air pollution and global change impacts on forest ecosystems: Monitoring and research needs. In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 447-459. Karnosky, D.F. and R.C. Thakur. 2004. Genetic aspects of air pollution and climate change. In: J. Burley, J. Evans, and J. Youngquist (Eds.), Genetics and Genetic Resources, Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences. Academic Press. London, pp. 223-229. Karnosky, D.F., J. King, J. Darbah, J. Sober, A. Sober, M. Kubiske, N. Nelson, C. Giardina and K.E. Percy. 2005. Physiological and genetic responses to ozone in trees growing under elevated atmospheric CO2. The International Forestry Review 7(5):89 (abstract) Karnosky, D.F. 2005. Genetic variation in response to global change. The International Forestry Review 7(5):93 (abstract) Karnosky, D.F., J.M. Skelly, K.E. Percy and A.H. Chappelka. 2005. Perspectives regarding 50 years of research on the effects of tropospheric ozone air pollution on North American forests. The International Forestry Review 7(5):283 (abstract) Karnosky, D.F. and K.S. Pregitzer. 2006. Impacts of elevated CO2 and O3 on northern temperate forest ecosystems: Results from the Aspen FACE experiment. In: Nösberger, J., S.P. Long, R.J. Norby, M. Stitt, G.R. Hendrey, H. Blum, Eds. “Managed Ecosystems and CO2: Case Studies, Processes and Perspectives.” Springer-Verlag, Ecological Studies 187:213-229. Karnosky, D.F., M. Tallis, J. Darbah, and G. Taylor. 2007. Direct effects of elevated CO2 on forest tree productivity. In: Freer-Smith, P.H., Broadmeadow, M.S.J. and Lynch, J.M. (eds), Forestry and Climate Change. CABI Publishing, pp. 136-142. Kostiainen, K., S. Kaakinen, E. Warsta, M.E. Kubiske, N.D. Nelson, J. Sober, D.F. Karnosky, P. Saranpaa, and E. Vapaavuori. 2007. Wood properties of trembling aspen and paper birch after five years of exposure to elevated CO2 and O3. In: K. Kostiainen (ed.), Wood properties of northern forest trees grown under elevated CO2, O3 and temperature. Academic Dissertation. Kubiske, M.E. and D.L. Godbold. 2001. Growth and function of roots and root systems. In: Karnosky, D.F., G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans, and J. Innes (Eds.) The impact of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. CABI Publishing, New York pp. 147-191. Lindroth, R.L. and M.D. Dearing. 2005. Herbivory in a world of elevated CO2. In: J.R. Ehleringer, T.E. Cerling, M.D. Dearing (eds.) A History of Atmospheric CO2 and its Effect on Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems. Springer, New York, 468-486. Martin, M.J., G.E. Host, K.E. Lenz and J.G. Isebrands. 2003. Simulating the growth response of aspen to elevated ozone: a mechanistic approach from leaf-level photosynthesis to complex architecture. In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 175-197. Noormets, A., D. F. Karnosky, J.G. Isebrands and G.K. Podila. 1999. Stomatal versus mesophyll control of instantaneous photosynthesis in trembling aspen exposed to elevated CO2 and/or O3. Proc. Annual meeting of the American Society of Plant Physiologists, Plant Biology, p. 119. Percy, K.E., A.H. Legge and S.V. Krupa. 2003. Tropospheric ozone: A continuing threat to global forests? In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 85-118. Percy, K.E., D.F. Karnosky and J.L. Innes. 2000. Potential roles of global change in forest health during the 21st century. Proc. XXI IUFRO World Congress. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In: Forests and Society: The Role of Research Sub-Plenary Sessions, Vol. 1, pp. 147-163. Percy, K.E., B. Mankovska, A. Hopkin, B. Callan and D.F. Karnosky. 2003. Ozone affects leaf surface pest interactions. In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 247-258. Percy, K.E., M. Nosal, W. Heilman, T. Dann, and D.F. Karnosky. 2007. Standards-based ozone exposure-response functions that predict forest growth. In: A.H. Legge (Ed.), Relating Atmospheric Source Apportionment to Vegetation Effects: Establishing Cause and Effect Relationships. Elsevier Environmental Science Series, Oxford, UK (In Press) Podila, G.K., A.R. Paolacci and M. Badiani. 2001. The impacts of antioxidants and foliar defence compounds. In: Karnosky, D.F., G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans, and J. Innes (Eds.) The impact of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. CABI Press, pp. 57-125. Pregitzer, K.S. 2003. Carbon cycling in forest ecosystems with an emphasis on belowground processes. In: J.M. Kimble, L.S. Heath, R.A. Birdsey (Eds.), The Potential of U.S. Forest Soils to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect. CRC Press. pp. 93-107. Pregitzer, K.S., D.R. Zak, W.M. Loya, N.J. Karberg, J.S. King, and A.J. Burton. 2006. The contribution of root systems to biogeochemical cycles in a changing world. In: Z. Cardon, J. Whitbeck (eds.) The Rhizosphere – An Ecological Perspective. Elsevier, Amsterdam 7:155-178. Pregitzer, K.S., D.R. Zak, W.M. Loya, N.J. Karberg, J.S. King, and A.J. Burton. 2007. The contribution of root - rhizosphere interactions to biogeochemical cycles in a changing world. In: Z. Cardon and J. Whitbeck (eds). The Rhizosphere -- An Ecological Perspective, Elsevier, Amsterdam. 7:155-178. Scarascia-Mugnozza, G.E., D.F. Karnosky, R. Ceulemans and J.L. Innes. 2001. The impact of CO2 and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems: An introduction. In Karnosky, D.F., G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, R. Ceulemans, and J. Innes (Eds.), The impact of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. CABI Press pp. 1-16. Shriner, D.S. and D.F. Karnosky. 2003. What is the role of demographic factors in air pollution and forests? In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 43-55. Sober, A., A. Noormets, J.G. Isebrands, J.Sober and D.F. Karnosky. 2000. Hydraulic properties of aspen leaves as affected by leaf age and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide and (or) ozone. Proc. Annual Meeting of the American Society of Plant Physiologists. Plant Biology 2000. pp. 97. Wustman, B., E. Oksanen, D.F. Karnosky, A. Noormets, J. Isebrands, K. Pregitzer, G. Hendrey, J. Sober and G.K. Podila. 2003. Effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on aspen clones of varying O3 sensitivity: Can CO2 ameliorate the harmful effects of O3? In: D.F. Karnosky, K.E. Percy, A.H. Chappelka, C. Simpson, and J.M. Pikkarainen (Eds.), Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. pp. 391-409. Other Publications Anttonen, S., E. Vapaavuori, K. Kostiainen, J.G. Isebrands, E. McDonald, J. Sober and D.F. Karnosky. 2001. Effect of elevated CO2 and O3 on the chemical composition of wood in aspen clones: results after 3 years of exposure in the Aspen FACE project. In: Proceedings of the International Conference: Forest Research: A Challenge for an Integrated European Approach, (K. Radoglou, ed.) NAGREF, Thessaloniki, Greece. ISBN 960-869-47-3-6. 1:239-242. Badiani, M. and G.K. Podila. 2000. The good which came from evil: An outline of what we learned about air pollution and oxidative stress in plants. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 17). Chapman, J.A., J.S. King, K.S. Pregitzer and D.R. Zak. 2004. Decomposition of fine roots grown in an enriched CO2 and O3 environment: Relationships of soil microbial respiration and fine root biochemistry. Proc. 18th North American Forest Biology Workshop, July 12-15, 2004, Houghton, Michigan (Abstract, p. 45) Dickson, R.E., M.D. Coleman, P. Pechter and D.F. Karnosky. 2000. Growth and crown architecture of two aspen genotypes exposed to interacting ozone and carbon dioxide. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 29). Giardina, C.P., E. McDonald, P. Gupta, B. Parsons, M.E. Kubiske, R.L. Lindroth, D.F. Karnosky, K.S. Pregitzer and W. Loya. 2004. Interactions effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on forest canopies at the Aspen FACE experiment in northern Wisconsin. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 2). Giardina, C., E. McDonald, M.E. Kubiske, W. Parsons, R.L. Lindroth, J. King, W.M. Loya, K.S. Pregitzer and D. Karnosky. 2004. The effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on litterfall in mixed aspen and birch stands at the Rhinelander FACE facility. Proc. 18th North American Forest Biology Workshop, July 12-15, 2004, Houghton, Michigan (Abstract, p. 70) Heilman, W.E. 2004. Trends in elevated CO2 and O3: Past and Present. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 3). Heilman, W., R. Teclaw, J. Isebrands, D.F. Karnosky, G. Hendrey and K.S. Pregitzer. 2000. Impacts of elevated CO2 and O3 concentrations on forest microclimates: Initial observations from the FACTS II Aspen FACE facility. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 36). Host G.E., K.E. Lenz, G.W. Theseira, M.J. Martin, H. Stech, R.R. Regal
and J.G. Isebrands. 2000. A high-performance computational approach
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on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 95). Kaakinen, S., K. Kostiainen, M.E. Kubiske, J. Sober, D.F. Karnosky and E. Vapaavuori. 2004. Are changes in wood chemical properties maintained over five years of exposure to elevated CO2 and O3 in aspen clones? Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 23). Kaakinen, S., K. Kostiainen, F. Ek, P. Saranpää, M.E. Kubiske, J. Sober, D.F. Karnosky and E. Vapaavuori. 2004. Stem wood properties of Populus tremuloides, Betula papryifera and Acer saccharum after three years of exposure to elevated CO2 and O3. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 4). Karnosky, D.F. and S. Long. 2004. Air pollution effects on forest and agricultural systems under a changing environment. Int. Symposium on Food Production and Environmental Conservation in the FACE of Global Environmental Deterioration. FPEC 2004. (Abstract p. 7) Karnosky, D.F., P. Gupta, J. Darbah, W.S. Jones, M. Kubiske, J. Pikkarainen and D.B. Karnosky. 2004. Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3 on canopy dynamics of aggrading northern forest ecosystems. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 25). Karnosky, D.F., A. Noormets, A. Sober, K. Percy, B. Mankovska, J. Sober, D.R. Zak, K.S. Pregitzer, W. Mattson, R.E. Dickson, D. Riemenschneider, G.K. Podila, G. Hendrey, K. Lewin, J. Nagy and J.G. Isebrands. 2001. Preliminary results from the FACTS 2 (ASPEN FACE) experiment: Interactions of elevated CO2 and O3. In: Shimizu, H. (Ed). Carbon Dioxide and Vegetation: Advanced International Approaches for Absorption of CO2 and Responses to CO2. The 13th Global Environment Tsukuba, Japan. CGER-I046. pp. 69-76. Karnosky, D.F., B. Gielen, R. Ceulemans, W.H. Schlesinger, R.J. Norby, E. Oksanen, R. Matyssek and G.R. Hendrey. 2000. Facing the future: Free air exposure systems for studying the impacts of greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 96). Karnosky, D.F., J.N. Darbah, A. Sober, J. Riikonen, K. Kets, N. Nelson, M. Kubiske, K.E. Percy. 2005. Ozone effects on growth and productivity of Populus tremuloides Michx: A comparison of results from OTC, FACE, and ozone gradient studies with a common set of genetic materials. Proceedings on the workshop “Critical Levels of Ozone: Further Applying and Developing the Flux-based Concept”, November 2005, Obergurgl, Tyrol, Austria. pp. 325-329. Karnosky, D.F., G. Podila, L. Cseke, and J. Tsai. 2006. Global change impacts on aspen gene expression: Genotypic variability in carbon sequestration potential. International Poplar Symposium IV. Nanjing, China. (Abstract, p. 142) King, J.S., P.J. Hanson, E. Bernhardt, P. DeAngelis, R.J. Norby and K.S. Pregitzer. 2004. A multi-year synthesis of soil respiration responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 from four forest FACE experiments. Proc. 18th North American Forest Biology Workshop, July 12-15, 2004, Houghton, Michigan (Abstract, p. 45) Kubiske, M.E., E. McDonald, V. Quinn, P. Marquardt and D.F. Karnosky. 2004. Growth dynamics of tree communities exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3 for six years in the Aspen FACE experiment. 2004. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 5). Lilleskov, E.A. 2004. Carbon dioxide and ozone affect sporocarp production and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in the Aspen FACE experiment. Proc. 18th North American Forest Biology Workshop, July 12-15, 2004, Houghton, Michigan (Abstract, p. 79) Lindroth, R.L., B.J. Kopper and E.B. Mondor. 2004. Impacts of interacting CO2 and O3 on forest insects. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 6). Liu, L., J.S. King and C. Giardina. 2004. Fluxes, decay rates, and mean residence times of carbon and nutrients in leaf litter of northern forests under elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3. 2004. Proc. 18th North American Forest Biology Workshop, July 12-15, 2004, Houghton, Michigan (Abstract, p. 80) Mankovska, B., K. Percy and D.F. Karnosky. 2000. Evaluation of ozone injury by means of epicuticular wax in three aspen clones differing in O3 tolerance. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 54). McDonald, E.P., E.L. Kruger, D.E. Riemenschneider and J.G. Isebrands. 2000. Consequences of elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 and O3 for growth of Populus tremuloides clones: The role of competition. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 58). Noormets, A., E. McDonald, E. Kruger, J. Isebrands, R. Dickson and D.F. Karnosky. 2000. Aboveground carbon budgets under elevated atmospheric CO2 and/or O3 for two aspen genotypes differing in O3 tolerance. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 60). Oksanen, E. 2004. Interactions of O3, CO2 and nitrogen deposition in Finnish forest trees. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 7). Oksanen, E., T. Holopainen, S. Kaakinen, D.F. Karnosky, J. Riikonen and E. Vapaavuori. 2004. Changes in anatomical and chemical structure of leaves in deciduous trees at elevated CO2. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 35). Oksanen, E., T. Holopainen, D.F. Karnosky, J. Riikonen and E. Vapaavuori. 2004. Ozone-caused H2O2 accumulation in mesophyll cells is linked to functional structure of leaves. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 36). Oksanen, E., B. Wustman, G.K. Podila, J.G. Isebrands and D.F. Karnosky. 2000. CO2/ozone interactions in trees. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 61). Parsons, W.F.J., J.G. Bockheim and R.L. Lindroth. 2000. Populus tremuloides and Betula papyrifera decomposition at Aspen-FACE (FACTS II): leaf litter production and decay under individual and interactive effects of elevated CO2 and O3. Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 64). Percy, K. 2004. Implications of rising CO2 and O3 for forest health. Proc. 36th Air Pollution Workshop, April 26-29, 2004, Rhinelander, Wisconsin. (Abstract, p. 8). Percy, K.E., D. F. Karnosky and B. Mankovska. 1998. Epicuticular wax chemical composition as a bioindicator of predisposing ozone injury in three aspen clones growing along a natural gradient. Proc. IUFRO 18th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems. Edinburgh, UK. p. 98 (Abstract). Percy, K., D.F. Karnosky, B. Mankovska, J. Sober, J.G. Isebrands, G. Hendrey and K.S. Pregitzer. 2000. Interactive O3 and CO2 effects on leaf surface physiochemical characteristics in paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and three aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clones: Results from the Aspen FACE project (FACTS II). Proc. Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium. The 19th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems, Houghton, Michigan USA (Abstract, p. 67). Percy, K., M. Nosal, W. Heilman, T. Dann, J. Sober, D. Karnosky. 2005. The North American ozone air quality standard: efficacy and performance with two northern hardwood forest tree species. Proceedings on the workshop “Critical Levels of Ozone: Further Applying and Developing the Flux-based Concept”, November 2005, Obergurgl, Tyrol, Austria. pp. 85-90. Podila, G.K., B.A. Wustman, Y. Wang, D.R. Zak, J. Sober, G.R. Hendrey, J.G. Isebrands, K.S. Pregitzer and D.F. Karnosky. 1998. 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